Funny thing. Looking into this more there IS very good data presumably in the public domain for at least elevation for both arctic and antarctic satellite data! In standard DEM format. From what I can see at a glance, 2m for the Arctic and 2m to 8m for the antarctic???
“The Arctic, before we started, was one of the most poorly mapped places on Earth. It’s not anymore,” said Paul Morin, co–principal investigator of the ArcticDEM initiative, which has now released high-resolution digital elevation models (DEM) of 97.4% of the region. With this latest release, “we have a uniform product at 2-meter [resolution]” for all the land area north of 60°N latitude, plus those parts of Alaska, Greenland, and Russia’s Kamchatka Peninsula that are south of that point."
Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) has recently produced a new release of the High Resolution Digital Elevation Model (HRDEM) product for the entire Canadian Arctic and made it available to download from the Open Government Portal.
HRDEM in the North
DSM data sets north of the productive forest line are created from satellite optical imagery, generated at a 2 metre resolution using the Polar Stereographic North coordinate system referenced to WGS84 horizontal datum.
HRDEM in the South
DTM and DSM data sets generated south of the productive forest line are mostly generated from airborne LiDAR data, and provided at a 1 m or 2 m resolution, and projected to the UTM NAD83 (CSRS) coordinate system and the corresponding zones.
" a new terrain map of Antarctica is still special. It’s not just the highest resolution ever produced for the frozen continent, but the highest resolution for any continent period."
https://www.pgc.umn.edu/data/rema
“New Antarctica Map Is Like ‘Putting on Glasses for the First Time and Seeing 20/20’
A high resolution terrain map of Earth’s frozen continent will help researchers better track changes on the ice as the planet warms.”