My impression is that the seat in the 320 in VR is somewhere not far off fully backwards (before it starts to then move to the side). Not sure if you can move the seat itself in game but you can definitely move your position in the cockpit.
And to answer your question, yes the real bus has adjustable seats. You can adjust the main arm rest with two dials for angle and height, the other arm rest just has a small release button on the front with stops every few degrees to adjust angle (and can be folded up entirely out of the way). The seat itself has mechanical and (if your airline paid for it) electrical adjustment fore/aft and height up/down. There is mechanical tilt for recline and mechanical lumbar adjustment, and as another user posted the rudder pedals themselves move fore/aft.
There are some very short people that fly the airbus, so Iâd say unless you are sub 5ft then no you arenât too short!