New GPU required - What to get?

You already said the most important part here. I don’t negate the point you’re making, but VRAM is only a part of the equation and can easily be controlled by graphical settings.

You will be mostly VRAM limited if you bump up all the settings to max as you propose - even with 16 GB, you will run into overrun issues at higher resolutions and terrain LOD. In this respect, the 3090 or 4090 with 24 GB of VRAM would be more suitable.

https://forums.flightsimulator.com/t/su10-1-27-16-0-comparison-between-dx11-and-dx12-and-earlier-build/537562?u=ncbartschi