Do you really need a yoke? Especially if you don’t have room for rudder pedals, I would personally go with a joystick upgrade instead.
With the kind of cash you’re looking to spend on the Velocity One or TM TCA, a VKB Gunfighter with SCG grip is in reach:
The build quality, performance, flying feel and product longevity will be way, way better than your T16000 or either of the yokes mentioned, and you would retain the twist for rudder control as per the T16000.
There’s no throttle slider built into that stick though, so you could either add the basic VKB throttle quadrant:
GNX THQ (Throttle Quadrant) – VKB FSC Europe (flightsimcontrols.com)
Or the more advanced and complex S-TECS throttle:
STECS Throttle System – Standard – VKB FSC Europe (flightsimcontrols.com)
If these are pushing the budget a bit far, you could consider the VKB Gladiator instead:
Gladiator NXT EVO ‘Space Combat Edition’ – VKB FSC Europe (flightsimcontrols.com)
The Gladiator has twist plus a throttle slider, so it’s more of an all-in-one like the T16000, but for the same reasons already mentioned, it is a very significant upgrade over the Thrustmaster.
You can also mount the THQ and other modules directly to the sides of the Gladiator base if you wish, giving you more mounting options.
I use an antique desk for flying, and the depth at the front where I wanted to use mounts is similar to yours, about 3in. A lot of gaming desk mounts therefore don’t fit, but I got these from Amazon which do the job perfectly well: