Well I have good news, some really good news, and some sad news lol
I booted my PS5 in safe mode and cleared the cache as you suggested. My PS5 restarted, and I launched MSFS. I opened career, filtered on charter missions, none available. But then I zoomed waaaaaaaay in on Uturoa, which is the location of the intro mission that crashed for me. And there it was!
So the good news is clearing the cache may have been the solution.
The really good news, I can get on my with charter career hahah
The sad news is we don’t know if it was clearing the cache, or just zooming way in on the location was the solution 
For those missing other gold missions, they can check the link above, this person has a list of where all the gold missions are located, it can help you pinpoint where to look!
Thanks for all your help with this!!